Instructor: Gale Summerfield
Office: 320 Int'l Studies Bldg, 910 S. Fifth Street
Office Phone: 333-1977
Email: summrfld@uiuc.edu
Office Hours: Tuesday, Thursday 10:30-noon or by appointment

Secretary: Kathy Martin (333-1994); kcmartin@uiuc.edu

Meeting Place and Time:
Tuesdays and Thursdays
9-10:30 A.M.
101 Int'l Studies Bldg.

This interdisciplinary course focuses on analysis of the gendered dimensions of economic transformation policies since the 1970s. The impacts on people's lives and the strategies that women have adopted to improve conditions for themselves and their families are addressed. Topics covered include: changes in absolute and relative poverty, changing employment opportunities in urban and rural areas, microenterprise and the informal sector, intrahousehold allocation, and environmental challenges. The course will address conceptual tools for evaluating development policies based on different paradigms. This course satisfies the core requirement for the graduate level GRID concentrations offered by the Office of Women in International Development; for more information, check the WID Office webpage

(Note: An online version of this syllabus with hypertext links is available on the webpage.)

Course Objectives:
Upon successful completion of this course, the students will have mastered the following competencies and have demonstrated their proficiency with the material through both written and oral presentations:
1. Define basic concepts, list key approaches/paradigms; and locate sources for articles and data, including performing Internet searches.
2. Summarize and explain the main theoretical and empirical methods commonly used in the interdisciplinary study of women, gender, and international economic development; give examples of analysis informed by different schools of thought.
3. Apply the skills and concepts to new contexts; use the relevant tools of analysis.
4. Use the theories to analyze socio-economic issues and evaluate policies.

Required Readings:
Aslanbeigui, Nahid, Steve Pressman, and Gale Summerfield, eds, Women in the Age of Economic Transformation: gender impact of reforms in post-socialist and developing countries, Routledge, 1994.
Human Development Report 1999 (referred to below as HDR)
Additional required readings are included in a xeroxed reading packet that will be available for purchase from Up-Close Copies, 714 S. Sixth Street. (Recommended readings are not in the packet.) All readings are also available in Room 322 International Studies Building, and may be used there, or signed out for two hours if you wish to xerox them.
URL's are provided for those readings that are available on the internet; these may be accessed from the hypertext linked version of the syllabus online.
A list of recommended books will be handed out separately.

Requirements and Grading:
1. Seminar research paper, due May 9; and 10 minute presentation of paper in class on assigned date, 40% total. You may turn in a nearly final draft of your paper by April 20th for comments; the draft should be turned in again with the final paper on May 9th.
for graduate students, 20-25 pages double-spaced
for undergraduate students, 10-15 pages double-spaced
2. Proposal for seminar paper, 2-3 pages including preliminary bibliography, 10%, due March 2
3. Cross-country data collection exercise, 10%, due Jan. 25
4. Critique of World Bank's Gender and Development Policy Research Report (PRR), 4-5 pages double-spaced, 10%, due March 30.
5. Class participation and co-chairing of two class sessions based on readings related to a regional group, 10%. The goal of this group is to develop an applied understanding of women's issues and gender disparities and how they are changing over the last two decades. Prepare an outline or summary to handout.

I. INTRODUCTION
Week 1, Jan. 18 & 20: Introduction and Framing the Questions: Background on the Women, Gender and Development Field (WID/GAD), Identifying Paradigms, and the Rhetoric of Development
Summerfield, Gale, "The Development of Economic Development: 1980-95," in Borderlands of Economics: Essays in Honor of Daniel R. Fusfeld, N. Aslanbeigui and Y.B. Choi, eds, Routledge, 1997: 92-108.
Sen, Amartya, "Agency and Well-being: The Development Agenda," in Noeleen Heyzer, ed., A Commitment to the World's Women: Perspectives on Development for Beijing and Beyond, Unifem, New York, 1995, pp.103-112.
Tinker, Irene, "A Context for the Field and for the Book" (pp.3-13) and "The Making of a Field," (pp.27-53) in I. Tinker, ed (1990) Persistent Inequalities, Oxford Univ. Press.

II. ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION POLICIES AND WOMEN'S CHANGING CAPABILITIES
Week 2, Jan. 25: Living with Economic Transformation Policies; World Conferences on Women, Beijing Platform, Beijing +5
Aslanbeigui, N., S. Pressman and G. Summerfield, eds, (1994) Women in the Age of Economic Transformation: Gender Impacts of Reforms in Post-Socialist and Developing Countries, London: Routledge, introduction.
Elson, Diane, ed (1995) Male bias in the development process, 2nd edition, Manchester: Manchester University Press, pp.1-28.
Basu, Amrita (1995) ed, The Challenge of Local Feminisms: Women's Movements in Global Perspective, Boulder, Westview Press, p. 1-21.
Beijing Platform for Action, summary
Week2, Jan. 27: Eastern Europe
Women in the Age of Economic Transformation, Chapters 2-5, pp. 11-73.
Waters and Posadskaya, "Democracy Without Women Is No Democracy: Women's Struggles in Postcommunist Russia," in Amrita Basu, ed, The Challenge of Local Feminisms, Boulder, Westview Press, 1995, pp.351-373.

Week 3, Feb. 1: Africa
Women in the Age of Economic Transformation, Chapters 6-7, pp. 77-112.
Nzegwu, Nkiru, "Recovering Igbo Traditions: A Case for Indigenous Women's Organizations in Development," in Martha Nussbaum and Jonathan Glover, Women, Culture, and Development: A Study of Human Capabilities, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1995, pp. 444- 465.
Week 3, Feb. 3: Asia
Women in the Age of Economic Transformation, Chapters 8-10, pp.113-159.
Li, Xiaorong, "Gender inequality in China and Cultural Relativism," in Nussbaum and Glover, eds, Women, Culture and Development, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1995, pp.407-425.

Week 4, Feb. 8: Latin America
Women in the Age of Economic Transformation, Chapters 11-13, pp.160-205.
Pearson, Ruth, "Male Bias and Women's Work in Mexico's Border Industries," in Diane Elson, ed, Male Bias in the Development Process, 2nd ed, 1995, Manchester, Univ. of Manchester Press, pp. 133-163.
Week 4, Feb.10: Zimbabwe Case
Gender and Agribusiness Project (GAP), Case Study: Cargill Zimbabwe.

Week 5, Feb. 15: No class at 9 today; note that Caren Grown will now speak April 11 at noon in 101 ISB; Sylvia Vatuk will speak Monday March 6 at noon and Lora Schmid-Dolan will speak Feb. 15 at noon, all in 101 ISB. Attending the talks by Grown and Vatuk is required; if you are unable to attend, you may listen to the tape of the talk. Other seminars are recommended.

Week 5, Feb. 17: The Asian Crisis and the New International Financial Architecture
Handout: "Women, Gender, and the New International Financial Architecture," Nahid Aslanbeigui and Gale Summerfield
Women's Eyes on the World Bank (WEOB) (1997) "Gender Equity and the World Bank: a post- Beijing Assessment," http://www.interaction.org/caw/wewb1a.html
Gender Dimensions of the East Asian Crisis, World Bank, 1999.

Week 6, Feb. 22 & 24: Intrahousehold Allocation
Sen, Amartya, "Gender and Cooperative Conflicts," in Tinker, I., ed., Persistent Inequalities, Oxford, 1990, pp.123-149.
Kabeer, Naila, "Jumping to conclusions? Struggles over meaning and method in the study of
household economics," in Jackson, C. and R. Pearson, Feminist Visions of Development: gender analysis and policy, Routledge, 1998, pp. 91-107.
(Paper proposal due, 3/2)

 Weeks 7 & 8, Feb. 29 - March 9: Critique of the draft of the World Bank PRR, Gender and Development by Beth King and Andy Mason.
Available online, http://www.worldbank.org/gender/prr/
Recommended: background papers for the PRR online, same site

Week 9, March 21: Changing Employment Capabilities: Multinational/Transnational Corporations (MNCs/TNCs
Pyle, Jean, "Women's Employment and Multinational Corporation networks," in Stromquist, N. ed. (1998) Women in the Third World: An Encyclopedia of Contemporary Issues, New York: Garland Publishing, Inc, pp. 341-350.
Summerfield, "Crossing the Poverty Line is Just the First Step for Women and their Families in China and Vietnam," Symposium, Review of Social Economy, Summer 1997.
Week 9, March 23: Changing Employment Capabilities: Self-Employment, Microenterprise, the Informal Sector, Home-Based Enterprise
Prugl, Elizabeth, "Women and Home Work," in Stromquist, pp. 324-340.
Tinker, Irene, "Cities and their street foods: Ile-Ile, Nigeria," in Irene Tinker, Street Foods, Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 125-145.

Week 10, March 28: Microfinance and Beyond
Rahman, Aminur, "Micro-credit Initiatives for Equitable and sustainable Development: Who Pays?" World Development, Vol.27, No.1, 1999, pp.67-82.
Grameen Bank web site http://www.grameen.com/
Panjaitan, Rosintan, "Credit and Extension Through a Participatory Program for Low Income Women: A Gendered Case Study in Indonesia," forthcoming.
Film on microfinance.
Week 10, March 30: Media and Culture
Guest: Prof. Angherad Valdivia
Sen, A., "Culture and Human Rights," in Development as Freedom, 1999, pp.227-248.
Other readings to be announced.

Week 11, April 4: Property Rights
Tinker and Summerfield, eds (1999) Women's Changing Rights to House and Land in China, Vietnam, and Laos, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, pp.153-162 and 265-271.
Agarwal, Bina, "Gender and Command Over Property: A Critical Gap in Economic Analysis and Policy in South Asia," World Development, Vol.22, No.10, 1994, pp.1455-1478.
Week 11, April 6: No class because of special meetings next week

Week 12: Special Times [no meetings at regular class times]
Tuesday, April 11, noon in 101 ISB, Caren Grown
Friday & Saturday, April 14-15: Joint Area Centers Symposium (Co-sponsored by the WID Office) - Gender and Globalization
Come to as many sessions as possible but in particular note that this is where we will address the environment and population issues.
Panels at the symposium:
1. Globalization and Gender
2. Environment: ecology and reproduction
3. Sexuality, globalization and changing family structures
4. Economy and Society
5. Media and Culture
6. Political Empowerment

Week 13, April 18: Discussion of issues raised at the symposium.
Week 13, April 20: No Class [because of the symposium the preceding week, we will only have class on Tuesday, 4/18]

Week 14, April 25 & 27: Student Paper Presentations

Week 15, May 2 last class : Wrap up Session.
Pyle, Jean and Gale Summerfield, "Economic Restructuring" in M. Lewis and J. Peterson, eds, The Feminist Companion to Economics, Edward Elgar Publishers, 1999.
Beneria, Lourdes (1999) "Globalization, Gender and the Davos Man," Feminist Economics, Vol.5, No.3, Nov., pp.61-83.

Final Exam Week begins May 8: All papers due by May 9

Selected WID/GAD Books for reference and further reading:
Aslanbeigui, Nahid, Steve Pressman, and Gale Summerfield, eds (1994) Women in the Age of Economic Transformation: gender impact of reforms in post-socialist and developing countries, Routledge.
Bakker, Isabella (ed.) (1994), The Strategic Silence: Gender and Economic Policy, London: Zed.
Basu, Amrita (1995) ed, The Challenge of Local Feminisms: Women's Movements in Global Perspective, Boulder, Westview Press.
Beneria, L. and Feldman, S., eds (1992) Unequal Burden: Economic Crises, Persistent Poverty
and Women's Work, Boulder: Westview.
Blumberg, Rae Lesser, Cathy Rakowski, Irene Tinker, and Michael Monteon, eds (1995) EnGENDERing Wealth & Well-Being: Empowerment for Global Change, Boulder, Westview Press.
Boris, Eileen and Prugl, Elisabeth (1996), Homeworkers in Global Perspective: Invisible No More, New York: Routledge.
Boserup, Ester (1970) Woman's Role in Economic Development, New York, St. Martin's Press.
Elson, Diane, ed (1995) Male bias in the development process, 2nd edition, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Goetz, Anne Marie (ed.) (1997), Getting Institutions Rights for Women in Development, London: Zed Books.
Heyzer, Noeleen (ed.), A Commitment to the World's Women, New York: Unifem.
Jackson, C. and R. Pearson, eds (1998) Feminist Visions of Development: gender analysis and policy, Routledge.
Seager, Joni (1997), The State of Women in the World Atlas, New Edition, London: Penguin.
Sen, Amartya (1999) Development as Freedom, New York, Alfred A. Knopf.
Sparr, Pamela, ed (1994) Mortgaging Women's Lives: Feminist Critiques of Structural Adjustment, London, Zed Books.
Stromquist, N. ed. (1998) Women in the Third World: An Encyclopedia of Contemporary Issues,
New York: Garland Publishing, Inc.
Tinker, Irene, ed., Persistent Inequalities, Oxford, New York, 1990.
Tinker, Irene, Street Foods, Oxford University Press, 1997.
Tinker and Summerfield, eds (1999) Women's Rights to House and Land: China, Laos, Vietnam, Boulder, Lynne Rienner Press.
UN Statistical Office 1995. The World's Women.
UNDP Human Development Report (Note: the edition in 1995 focused on women and gender).
Visvanathan, Nalini et al, eds (1997) Women, Gender, and Development Reader, London: Zed
Press.

Other:
The FBIS (Foreign Broadcast Information Service) Daily Reports.
Women's Studies/WID Library, Beth Stafford, Librarian.
WID Office in 323 ISB.
Women Watch, UN Gateway, http://www.un.org/womenwatch/
Gender Net webpage from the World Bank (http://www.worldbank.org/gender.html )

The Office of Women in International Development
The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
320 International Studies Building, MC-480
910 South Fifth Street
Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: 217-333-1994

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign